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2014 Math Kangaroo

Problem 23

Problem 23 · 2014 Math Kangaroo Stretch
Spatial & Visual Reasoning cube-viewscasework

The diagram shows two different views of the same cube, which is made from 27 small cubes that are either white or black. At most how many black cubes are there?

Figure for Math Kangaroo 2014 Problem 23
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Answer: D — 9
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Hint 1 of 2
The two pictures show the same cube, so every visible black square must be consistent.
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Hint 2 of 2
Maximise the hidden black cubes while keeping both views possible.
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Approach: the two views pin some faces; make every other small cube black
  1. The two pictures show the outside of the same 3×3×3 cube, so a small cube touching a face that looks white in either view must itself be white there.
  2. Mark white only the surface cubes the pictures force, and colour every remaining small cube black, including the fully hidden ones.
  3. Doing this leaves at most 9 black cubes.
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