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2019 Math Kangaroo

Problem 5

Problem 5 · 2019 Math Kangaroo Easy
Spatial & Visual Reasoning path-tracing
Figure for Math Kangaroo 2019 Problem 5
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Answer: D — Diagram D.
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Hint 1 of 2
A figure can be traced in one stroke only if it has 0 or 2 corners where an odd number of lines meet.
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Hint 2 of 2
Count the lines meeting at each corner of every figure.
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Approach: Euler trail: count odd-degree vertices
  1. A drawing can be made in one stroke exactly when at most two of its points have an odd number of lines meeting there.
  2. In figure D (a square with both diagonals) each of the four corners has three lines meeting — four odd points.
  3. Four odd points is too many, so D cannot be drawn without lifting the pencil or retracing.
  4. So the answer is D.
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