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2011 Math Kangaroo

Problem 23

Problem 23 · 2011 Math Kangaroo Stretch
Spatial & Visual Reasoning tiling-tessellation
Figure for Math Kangaroo 2011 Problem 23
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Answer: D — Shape D.
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Hint 1 of 2
Adding the right shape should leave no room for any of the other four.
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Hint 2 of 2
Test each candidate: place it, then check the four leftover shapes can't fit anywhere.
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Approach: check which addition blocks all the others
  1. Two shapes are already on the 5×5 board, leaving some empty cells.
  2. Try adding each of the five shapes and see whether the remaining gaps still admit any of the other four.
  3. Only shape D, once placed, leaves gaps too small or wrong-shaped for any of the other four.
  4. So Lina should add shape D.
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