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2012 Math Kangaroo

Problem 20

Problem 20 · 2012 Math Kangaroo Stretch
Logic & Word Problems caseworksum-constraint

Renate wants to glue together a number of ordinary dice (whose number of points on opposite sides always adds up to 7) to form a “dicebar” as shown. Doing this she only wants to glue sides together with an equal number of points. She wants to make sure that the sum of all points on the non-glued sides equals 2012. How many dice does she have to glue together?

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Answer: E — It is impossible to obtain exactly 2012 points on the non-glued together sides.
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Hint 1 of 2
Glued faces show equal pips, and the two glued faces of an inner die are opposite, so they sum to 7.
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Hint 2 of 2
That forces the exposed total into a fixed form — work out its possible values and check whether 2012 can ever be hit.
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Approach: track the exposed pip total under the opposite-faces rule
  1. Each die has \(21\) pips; a bar of \(n\) dice has \(n-1\) glued joints, each hiding \(2v\) pips for the equal glued value \(v\).
  2. Each inner die's two glued faces are opposite, summing to 7, so consecutive joint values alternate \(v\) and \(7-v\) and adjacent joints sum to 7.
  3. The exposed total is \(21n - 2(\text{joint sum})\): for even \(n-1\) this is \(7(2n+1)\), an odd multiple of 7 (and \(2012\) is not a multiple of 7); for odd \(n-1\) it is even and forces \(v = 7n - 999\), which has no valid \(n\) with \(1\le v\le 6\).
  4. So no \(n\) gives exactly 2012, making it impossible, choice E.
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